Comparative Mosquito Repellence Potential of the Extracts of Citrus sinensis peels and Cochlospermum planchonii leaf
Keywords:
Mosquito, Repellence, Phytochemicals, Citrus sinensis peels, C. planchoniiAbstract
The use of chemicals in pest control has been associated with several human health risks, and that of the environment. An alternate approach is the utilization of natural products from plants. This study evaluated the potential of the extracts of Citrus sinensis peels and Coclospermum planchonii leaves in mosquito repellence. The essential oils of the plant materials were extracted from 300 g each of the ground samples using the soxhlet extractor at 70-800C. The extracted oils were screened for the presence of bioactive compounds; and were applied on the uncovered skin of the hands, legs and faces of 48 human volunteers at 10, 20 and 30% concentration levels. The volunteers were observed for 12 hrs and observations were recorded at 30 minutes interval. The result of phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates and steroids in the extracts. The potential of the extracts in repelling mosquitoes showed higher repellence activities at 30%. The Time before Bite (TbB) observed for C. sinensis was 332.10±17.87 min i.e. 5.54 hrs) (P = 0.000). The highest number of bites (NoR) (19.17±2.4) on the other hand was observed in the Control group, while the least was observed at 30% (2.33±0.82) (P = 0.000). The TbB for C. planchonii at 30% extract was observed to be 341.64±16.61 min i.e. 5.61 hrs (P = 0.000), while the NoR which was the least was 2.17±47 P = 0.000). The comparative repellence activities of the extracts showed no significant main effect with respect to TbB (F (1,35) = 0.230; P = 0.635), as well as the NoR ((F (1,35) = 1.563; P = 0.219). The extracts showed great potential for use as bio-control agents against mosquito bites. Further studies should be conducted for effective utilization.
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